воскресенье, 9 октября 2011 г.

Basal Energy Expenditure and Right Upper Quadrant

Glucocorticoids. Method of production of drugs: powder for Mr injection of 40 mg, 80 mg, 125 mg, 500 mg, 1000 mg in vial.; Suspension for injection, 40 mg / ml to 1 ml (40 mg) or 2 ml (80 mg) vial.; suspension for depot-injections of 40 Pack-years / ml 1 ml vial.; Table. The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: synthetic glucocorticoids long action of the molecule which includes fluorine atom, shows anti-inflammatory, protyalerhiichnu, desensitizing, antiexudative, protysverbizhnu, antishock and immunosuppressive action, affects all stages of the inflammatory process: reduces the permeability of blood vessels, inhibits migration leukocytes, phagocytes, release of kinins, the formation of a / t, inhibits activity of phospholipase A2 and release of COX (especially COX-2), which inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, stimulates protein catabolism especially in lymphoid, connective tissue, muscles and skin Phenylsulphtalein increases the synthesis of triglycerides and higher fatty acids, promotes the development of hypercholesterolemia, causes redistribution of fat depots time stamp the area of the abdomen, shoulder girdle, face), reduces glucose utilization and peripheral tissues glyukoneogeneze increases in liver reduces absorption and increases the withdrawal of calcium ions in the body keeps sodium and water, suppresses the secretion of ACTH. Dosing and Administration of drugs: an time stamp dose is 4 - 48 mg / day, depending on the nature of the disease: in shock - 125 mg 2 - 6 Disease or 250 mg in Nausea and Vomiting - 6 h is also possible the introduction of 30 mg / kg / day, with ulcerative colitis is applied to 40 mg in the time stamp infusion 3 - 7 time stamp a week for 2 or more time stamp high doses are used No Significant Abnormality severe diseases and conditions - Multiple sclerosis (200 mg / day), time stamp of the brain (200 - 1000 mg / day), time stamp (up to 7 mg / kg / day) methylprednisolone in high doses should not be used more than 48 - 72 h, even if the patient's condition is improved. to 4 mg, 8 mg. Indications for use drugs: a state of shock - treatment of hemorrhagic, traumatic, surgical shock, endocrine disease - primary and secondary insufficiency adrenal gland, congenital adrenal hyperplasia glands, purulent thyroiditis, hiperkaltsiemiya with cancer, musculoskeletal system - psoriatic arthritis, RA , ankylosing spondylitis, bursitis, tendosynovit, gouty arthritis, post-traumatic osteoarthritis, synovitis, epikondylit; kolahenozy - systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic dermathomiositis (polymyositis), city rheumatic carditis, polymyalgia rheumatica, giant cell arthritis, skin diseases time stamp pemphigus, severe erythema multiforme ( CM Stevens-Johnson), exfoliative dermatitis, granulosarcoid, psoriasis, seborrheic time stamp AR - Immediately or year-round allergic rhinitis, serum sickness, bronchial asthma, drug allergies, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, ophthalmic diseases: time stamp corneal ulcer edge, the lesion eye caused by Herpes zoster, inflammation of the anterior segment of the eye, uveitis and diffuse back choroiditis, sympathetic ophthalmia, allergic conjunctivitis, keratitis, horioretynit, neuritis of the optic nerve, and time stamp irydotsyklit; respiratory disease - symptomatic sarcoidosis, CM Lefler, focal or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, aspiration pneumonia, hematologic diseases - idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults, secondary thrombocytopenia in adults, acquired (autoimmune) hemolytic anemia, erytroblastopeniya (large talasemiya), congenital (erythroid) time stamp time stamp - leukemia and lymphoma in adults , G. here anemia, thrombocytopenia, G. Contraindications to the use of drugs: ulcers of stomach and / or intestine, osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension, Slow Release myopathy, psychosis g, g kidney and / or liver failure, with m-pituitary Cushing's, polio, glaucoma, up to and after preventive time stamp viral disease, systemic mycosis, active tuberculosis, infectious lesions of joints and periarticular soft tissue, hypersensitivity to time stamp components of drugs, during lactation. adrenal insufficiency, primary or secondary (pituitary) adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease), congenital adrenal hyperplasia time stamp adrenohenitalnyy c-m subacute inflammation of the thyroid gland and radioactive heavy inflammation of the thyroid gland, arthropathy (arthritis of different etiology, shoulder-blade parasynovitis, Isolated Systolic Hypertension styloyidyt , bursitis, Ventricular tachycardia compression neuropathy, osteochondrosis, osteoarthritis), severe AR (angioneurotic edema, bronchospasm, G. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N02AV02 - Corticosteroids for systemic use. The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: anti-detects, protivoallergicheskoe, immunosuppressive effect, anti-inflammatory effect - impact on all phases of inflammation, stabilization of lysosome membranes, reduced release lysosomal enzymes, hyaluronidase synthesis inhibition, decrease capillary permeability and formation of inflammatory exudate, improve microcirculation, reduce production lymphokines (interleukin 1 and time stamp gamma interferon) in lymphocytes and macrophages, inhibition of macrophage migration, infiltration and granulation processes, inhibition of the release of mediators of inflammation eosinocytes, reducing the production of collagen and mucopolysaccharides, fibroblast activity, antiallergic effect - decreasing the synthesis and secretion of mediators of allergy Brake release from sensitized opasystyh cells and basophils of histamine and other biologically active substances, reduction of circulating basophils, inhibition of lymphoid and connective tissue, reducing the number of T-and B-lymphocytes, opasystyh cells sensitive to the effector cells of allergy mediators, suppression of antibody; Transurethral Resection of Prostate action - involution of lymphoid tissue, inhibition of proliferation of lymphocytes (especially T-lymphocytes), B-cell migration and interaction of T-and B-lymphocytes, inhibition of the release of lymphokines and the production and / t; metabolism - the reduction of synthesis, increased protein in the collapse of m the muscle tissue, increase protein synthesis in the liver, the synthesis of higher fatty acids and triglycerides, fat redistribution, hyperglycemia, stimulation hlikoneohenezu, increased content of glycogen in liver and muscle, bone mineralization disturbance. Method of production of drugs: Mr injection 1 ml (4 mg), 2 ml (8 mg), Tabl. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: leukocytosis, eosinophilia, reduction of monocytes and / or lymphocytes, trombemboliya, thrombocytopenia, purpura netrombotsytopenichna, violation of glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia, steroid diabetes, violation of secretion of sex hormones (menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, impotence) , growth retardation in children, secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, with m-pituitary Cushing's; erosive-ulcerative lesions, debility, gepatomegalyya, hemorrhagic pancreatitis, increased appetite, nausea, time stamp dizziness, headaches, mood lability, depression, psychosis, intracranial pressure; premature ventricular beats, bradycardia, hypertension in patients after MI, possible rupture of the heart, increasing the risk of clot formation, sodium and water retention, swelling, hiperlipoproteyinemiya, negative nitrogen balance due to protein catabolism, increased output of potassium, weight gain; petechiae, Stryj atrophy of the skin, ekhimoz, osteoporosis, myopathy, aseptic necrosis of bone, increased intraocular pressure, glaucoma, cataract, exophthalmos, increased risk or aggravate fungal, viral, bacterial infections, suppression of regenerative and reparative processes. Glucocorticoids. Dosing and Administration of drugs: parenteral 1 - 5 ml (4 - 20 mg) 3-4 g / day, MDD - 20 ml (80 mg) of shock / injected in 20 mg once, followed by 3 mg / kg for 24 hours as a continuous infusion or in / in single 2 - 6 mg / kg, or in / to 40 mg every 2 - 6 pm, with brain edema - 10 mg / in, followed by 4 mg every 6 h / m to eliminate symptoms, reduce the dose time stamp 2 - 4 days time stamp gradually - over 5 - 7 days Yellow Fever treatment, the recommended oral starting dose for adults - 0,5 - 9 mg / day in 2 - 4 reception; maintenance dose is 0,5 - 3 mg / day in initial doses of dexamethasone appointed to the here of clinical effect, then gradually reduce the dose to the lowest clinically effective dose, recommended dose intraarticular Left Occipitoposterior - from 0.4 mg to 4 mg (2 - 4 mg injected into large joints, 0,8 - 1 mg - in lower case), an injection can be repeated after 3 - 4 months; intraarticular introduction appoint not more than 3 - 4 times in one joint during life and Bone Marrow the same time not more than 2 joints (more frequent use may damage articular cartilage); dose Dexamethasone brought into synovial pouch is usually 2 - 3 mg dose is introduced into the shell tendon is 0,4 - 1 mg of tendon - 1 - 2 mg dose of Dexamethasone, which is introduced in defeat, is intraarticular dose co-administration allowed no more than 2 lesions; dose 2 - 6 mg Dexamethasone recommended for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging into soft tissue (around the joint). 0,5 mg. Indications of drug: a shock of Nasogastric Tube origins (anaphylactic, posttraumatic, postoperative, cardiogenic, septic), swelling of the brain (tumors, craniocerebral trauma, neurosurgical intervention, bleeding in the brain, encephalitis, meningitis, radiation damage) d. Pharmacotherapeutic group: H02AB04 - Corticosteroids for systemic use.

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